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Protein and enzyme biochemistry

Section edited by Joel Weiner

Protein and enzyme biochemistry: This section incorporates all aspects of protein and enzyme biochemistry including but not limited to: protein chemistry and proteomics, protein folding and enzyme activity. Applications of these areas, such as in bionanotechnology and biosensors are also welcome.

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  1. The reduction of tetrazolium salts by NAD(P)H to formazan product has been widely used to determine the metabolic activity of cells, and as an indicator of cell viability. However, the application of a WST-8 b...

    Authors: Kamonwan Chamchoy, Danaya Pakotiprapha, Pornpan Pumirat, Ubolsree Leartsakulpanich and Usa Boonyuen
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2019 20:4
  2. Many bacteria and certain eukaryotes utilize multi-step His-to-Asp phosphorelays for adaptive responses to their extracellular environments. Histidine phosphotransfer (HPt) proteins function as key components ...

    Authors: Emily N. Kennedy, Skyler D. Hebdon, Smita K. Menon, Clay A. Foster, Daniel M. Copeland, Qingping Xu, Fabiola Janiak-Spens and Ann H. West
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2019 20:1
  3. Studying proteins and enzymes involved in important biological processes in the Aedes aegypti mosquito is limited by the quantity that can be directly isolated from the mosquito. Adding to this difficulty, digest...

    Authors: James T. Nguyen, Jonathan Fong, Daniel Fong, Timothy Fong, Rachael M. Lucero, Jamie M. Gallimore, Olive E. Burata, Kamille Parungao and Alberto A. Rascón Jr
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2018 19:12
  4. Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) or amylin deposits can be found in the islets of type 2 diabetes patients. The peptide is suggested to be involved in the etiology of the disease through formation of amyloid d...

    Authors: Samaneh Miraee-Nedjad, Paul F. G. Sims, Jean-Marc Schwartz and Andrew J. Doig
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2018 19:9
  5. Stilbene cleaving oxygenases (SCOs), also known as lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenases (LSDs) mediate the oxidative cleavage of the olefinic double bonds of lignin-derived intermediate phenolic stilbenes, yielding ...

    Authors: Peter C. Loewen, Jacek Switala, James P. Wells, Fang Huang, Anthony T. Zara, John S. Allingham and Michele C. Loewen
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2018 19:8
  6. An important step in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication is the packaging of tRNA3Lys from the host cell, which plays the role of primer RNA in the process of initiation of reverse transcripti...

    Authors: Fawzi Khoder-Agha, José M. Dias, Martine Comisso and Marc Mirande
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2018 19:2
  7. Enzymes display high reactivity and selectivity under natural conditions, but may suffer from decreased efficiency in industrial applications. A strategy to address this limitation is to immobilize the enzyme....

    Authors: Cyrielle Bonzom, Laura Schild, Hanna Gustafsson and Lisbeth Olsson
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2018 19:1
  8. Despite of the presence of sulfhydryl oxidases (SOXs) in the secretomes of industrially relevant organisms and their many potential applications, only few of these enzymes have been biochemically characterized...

    Authors: Outi Nivala, Greta Faccio, Mikko Arvas, Perttu Permi, Johanna Buchert, Kristiina Kruus and Maija-Liisa Mattinen
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2017 18:15
  9. Luciferases, enzymes that catalyze bioluminescent reactions in different organisms, have been extensively used for bioanalytical purposes. The most well studied bioluminescent system is that of firefly and oth...

    Authors: Arina Marina Perez, Bruno Aquino, Vadim Viviani and Jörg Kobarg
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2017 18:12
  10. Mice were bitten by five-pace vipers (Deinagkistrodon acutus), and then envenomed. It was well-known that the snake venom mainly disturbed the blood homeostasis of the envenomed victims. Ocassionally, we found th...

    Authors: Bin Zhou, Gang Liu, Qiyi He, Bo Li and Xiaodong Yu
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2017 18:11
  11. The marine invertebrate starfish was found to contain a novel α-N-acetylgalactosaminidase, α-GalNAcase II, which catalyzes removal of terminal α-N-acetylgalactosamine (α-GalNAc), in addition to a typical α-N-a...

    Authors: Md. Harun-Or Rashid, Golam Sadik, AHM Khurshid Alam and Toshihisa Tanaka
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2017 18:9
  12. The carbapenem subclass of β-lactams is among the most potent antibiotics available today. Emerging evidence shows that, unlike other subclasses of β-lactams, carbapenems bind to and inhibit non-classical tran...

    Authors: Mario A. Bianchet, Ying H. Pan, Leighanne A. Brammer Basta, Harry Saavedra, Evan P. Lloyd, Pankaj Kumar, Rohini Mattoo, Craig A. Townsend and Gyanu Lamichhane
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2017 18:8
  13. Eukaryotic tRNA splicing is an essential process in the transformation of a primary tRNA transcript into a mature functional tRNA molecule. 5′-phosphate ligation involves two steps: a healing reaction catalyze...

    Authors: Gopinath Muruganandam, Arne Raasakka, Matti Myllykoski, Inari Kursula and Petri Kursula
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2017 18:7
  14. The smoothelin-like 1 protein (SMTNL1) can associate with tropomyosin (Tpm) and calmodulin (CaM), two proteins essential to the smooth muscle contractile process. SMTNL1 is phosphorylated at Ser301 by protein ...

    Authors: Annegret Ulke-Lemée, David Hao Sun, Hiroaki Ishida, Hans J. Vogel and Justin A. MacDonald
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2017 18:5
  15. β-Glucosidase is claimed as a key enzyme in cellulose hydrolysis. The cellulosic fibers are usually entrapped with hemicelluloses containing xylose. So there is ongoing interest in searching for glucose- and x...

    Authors: Yang Liu, Rui Li, Jing Wang, Xiaohan Zhang, Rong Jia, Yi Gao and Hui Peng
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2017 18:4
  16. Histatins are histidine rich polypeptides produced in the parotid and submandibular gland and secreted into the saliva. Histatin-3 and −5 are the most important polycationic histatins. They possess antimicrobi...

    Authors: Edna Blotnick, Asaf Sol, Gilad Bachrach and Andras Muhlrad
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2017 18:3
  17. There are 11 variants of linker histone H1 in mammalian cells. Beyond their shared abilities to stabilize and condense chromatin, the H1 variants have been found to have non-redundant functions, the mechanisms...

    Authors: Pei Zhang, Owen E. Branson, Michael A. Freitas and Mark R. Parthun
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2016 17:18
  18. Beta-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23), a commercially important enzyme, catalyses the hydrolysis of β-1,3- and β-1,4-galactosyl bonds of polymer or oligosaccharidesas well as transglycosylation of β-galactopyranosi...

    Authors: Thao Thi Nguyen, Hanh Van Vu, Nhung Thi Hong Nguyen, Tuyen Thi Do and Thanh Sy Le Nguyen
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2016 17:15
  19. Intermolecular autophosphorylation at Tyr416 is a conserved mechanism of activation among the members of the Src family of nonreceptor tyrosine kinases. Like several other tyrosine kinases, Src can catalyze th...

    Authors: M. Zulema Cabail, Emily I. Chen, Antonius Koller and W. Todd Miller
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2016 17:13
  20. Nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) hydrolysis is a key reaction in biology. It involves breaking two very stable bonds (one P–O bond and one O–H bond of water), in either a concurrent or a sequential way. Here, we ...

    Authors: Farooq Ahmad Kiani and Stefan Fischer
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2016 17:12
  21. Protein kinase C δ (PKCδ) is known to be an important regulator of apoptosis, having mainly pro- but also anti-apoptotic effects depending on context. In a previous study, we found that PKCδ interacts with the...

    Authors: Christian Holmgren, Louise Cornmark, Gry Kalstad Lønne, Katarzyna Chmielarska Masoumi and Christer Larsson
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2016 17:11
  22. Human phospholipid scramblase 1 (hPLSCR1) was initially identified as a Ca2+ dependent phospholipid translocator involved in disrupting membrane asymmetry. Recent reports revealed that hPLSCR1 acts as a multifunc...

    Authors: Ulaganathan Sivagnanam, Shweta Narayana Murthy and Sathyanarayana N. Gummadi
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2016 17:10
  23. Thauera linaloolentis 47Lol uses the tertiary monoterpene alcohol (R,S)-linalool as sole carbon and energy source under denitrifying conditions. The conversion of linalool to geraniol ...

    Authors: Robert Marmulla, Barbara Šafarić, Stephanie Markert, Thomas Schweder and Jens Harder
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2016 17:6
  24. 1,2-Dichlorobenzene (1,2-DCB) is a benzene-derived molecule with two Cl atoms that is commonly utilized in the synthesis of pesticides. 1,2-DCB can be absorbed by living creatures and its effects on naturally-...

    Authors: Javier Vargas-Medrano, Jorge A. Sierra-Fonseca and Luis F. Plenge-Tellechea
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2016 17:5
  25. The use of metagenomics in enzyme discovery constitutes a powerful approach to access to genomes of unculturable community of microorganisms and isolate novel valuable biocatalysts for use in a wide range of b...

    Authors: Concetta De Santi, Bjørn Altermark, Marcin Miroslaw Pierechod, Luca Ambrosino, Donatella de Pascale and Nils-Peder Willassen
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2016 17:1
  26. Destabilase-Lysozyme (mlDL) is a multifunctional i-type enzyme that has been found in the secretions from the salivary glands of medicinal leeches. mlDL has been shown to exhibit isopeptidase, muramidase and a...

    Authors: Alexey S. Kurdyumov, Valentin A. Manuvera, Isolda P. Baskova and Vassili N. Lazarev
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2015 16:27
  27. β-Mannans are abundant and diverse plant structural and storage polysaccharides. Certain human gut microbiota members including health-promoting Bifidobacterium spp. catabolize dietary mannans. Little insight is ...

    Authors: Johan Morrill, Evelina Kulcinskaja, Anna Maria Sulewska, Sampo Lahtinen, Henrik Stålbrand, Birte Svensson and Maher Abou Hachem
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2015 16:26
  28. The defensive capacities of plant protease Inhibitors (PI) rely on inhibition of proteases in insect guts or those secreted by microorganisms; and also prevent uncontrolled proteolysis and offer protection aga...

    Authors: V D Sirisha Gandreddi, Vijaya Rachel Kappala, Kunal Zaveri and Kiranmayi Patnala
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2015 16:23
  29. Members of Rhizopus species are the most common cause of mucormycosis, a rare but often fatal fungal infection. Host induced pathogen apoptosis and pathogen induced host cell apoptosis are often involved in funga...

    Authors: Manoj Saxena, Rohit Kumar Sharma, Josell Ramirez-Paz, Arthur D. Tinoco and Kai Griebenow
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2015 16:21

    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Biochemistry 2016 17:3

  30. Saccharomyces cerevisiae triosephosphate isomerase (yTIM) is a dimeric protein that shows noncoincident unfolding and refolding transitions (hysteresis) in temperature scans, a phenome...

    Authors: Ariana Labastida-Polito, Georgina Garza-Ramos, Menandro Camarillo-Cadena, Rafael A. Zubillaga and Andrés Hernández-Arana
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2015 16:20
  31. Dual-specificity phosphatase-5 (DUSP5) plays a central role in vascular development and disease. We present a p-nitrophenol phosphate (pNPP) based enzymatic assay to screen for inhibitors of the phosphatase domai...

    Authors: Terrence S. Neumann, Elise A. Span, Kelsey S. Kalous, Robert Bongard, Adam Gastonguay, Michael A. Lepley, Raman G. Kutty, Jaladhi Nayak, Chris Bohl, Rachel G. Lange, Majher I. Sarker, Marat R. Talipov, Rajendra Rathore, Ramani Ramchandran and Daniel S. Sem
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2015 16:19
  32. Computational protein design is a rapidly maturing field within structural biology, with the goal of designing proteins with custom structures and functions. Such proteins could find widespread medical and ind...

    Authors: Deepesh Nagarajan, Geeta Deka and Megha Rao
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2015 16:18
  33. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) and its derivative fluorescent proteins (FPs) are among the most commonly used reporter systems for studying gene expression and protein interaction in biomedical research. Most...

    Authors: Shu-su Liu, Xuan Wei, Xue Dong, Liang Xu, Jia Liu and Biao Jiang
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2015 16:17
  34. A shift between two dimer conformations has been proposed for the transcription factor STAT1 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 1) which links DNA binding of the parallel dimer to tyrosine dephosph...

    Authors: Theresa Riebeling, Julia Staab, Christoph Herrmann-Lingen and Thomas Meyer
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2014 15:28
  35. The mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) pathway is critical for cellular signaling, and proteins such as phosphatases that regulate this pathway are important for normal tissue development. Based on our ...

    Authors: Jaladhi Nayak, Adam J Gastonguay, Marat R Talipov, Padmanabhan Vakeel, Elise A Span, Kelsey S Kalous, Raman G Kutty, Davin R Jensen, Phani Raj Pokkuluri, Daniel S Sem, Rajendra Rathore and Ramani Ramchandran
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2014 15:27
  36. Neuronal differentiation is largely under the control of basic Helix-Loop-Helix (bHLH) proneural transcription factors that play key roles during development of the embryonic nervous system. In addition to wel...

    Authors: Gary S McDowell, Christopher J Hindley, Guy Lippens, Isabelle Landrieu and Anna Philpott
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2014 15:24
  37. Previous screening of the substrate repertoires and substrate specificity profiles of granzymes resulted in long substrate lists highly likely containing bystander substrates. Here, a recently developed degrad...

    Authors: Petra Van Damme, Kim Plasman, Giel Vandemoortele, Veronique Jonckheere, Sebastian Maurer-Stroh and Kris Gevaert
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2014 15:21
  38. Urease, one of the highly efficient known enzymes, catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide. The present study aimed to extract urease from pea seeds (Pisum Sativum L). The enzyme was then...

    Authors: Mohamed E EL-Hefnawy, Mohamed Sakran, Ali I Ismail and Eman Fahmy Aboelfetoh
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2014 15:15
  39. Trichomonas vaginalis, a flagellated protozoan, is the agent responsible for trichomoniasis, the most common nonviral sexually transmitted infection worldwide. A reported 200 million cases are documented each yea...

    Authors: Michael Dirkx, Michael P Boyer, Prajakta Pradhan, Andrew Brittingham and Wayne A Wilson
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2014 15:12
  40. In order to understand the effects of FeS cluster attachment in [NiFe] hydrogenase, we undertook a study to substitute all 12 amino acid positions normally ligating the three FeS clusters in the hydrogenase sm...

    Authors: Isaac T Yonemoto, Benjamin R Clarkson, Hamilton O Smith and Philip D Weyman
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2014 15:10
  41. The gene that encodes laforin, a dual-specificity phosphatase with a carbohydrate-binding module, is mutated in Lafora disease (LD). LD is an autosomal recessive, fatal progressive myoclonus epilepsy character...

    Authors: M Kathryn Brewer, Satrio Husodo, Vikas V Dukhande, Mary Beth Johnson and Matthew S Gentry
    Citation: BMC Biochemistry 2014 15:8