Table 1 Effect of autophagy modulators on dNGLUC secretion
From: Application of Gaussia luciferase in bicistronic and non-conventional secretion reporter constructs
Autophagy regulator | Mode of action | dNGLUC activity in sn in r.l.u (×10 5) | Viability (norm. to DMSO) |
|---|---|---|---|
Controls | |||
DMSO |  | 57.8 ± 4.1 | 1.0 |
No treatment |  | 63.9 ± 1.1 | 1.0 |
Brefeldin A | Inhibition of Golgi trafficking [32] | 9.1 ± 0.9 | 1.0 |
Digitoxin | Inhibition of sodium-potassium ATPase [33] | 8.4 ± 0.9 | 0.4 |
Autophagy inhibitors | |||
Chloroquine | Prevention of lysosome acidification and lysosome autophagosome fusion [34] | 44.8 ± 5.5 | 0.7 |
Autophagy activators | |||
Trifluoperazine | Dopamine antagonist [34] | 58.1 ± 3.1 | 1.2 |
Rapamycin | Inhibition of mTOR [35] | 51.8 ± 5.1 | 0.8 |
Tamoxifen | Inhibition of mTOR signaling via increased ceramide levels [36, 37] | 38.1 ± 3.6 | 0.8 |
Thenoyltrifluoro- actetone | Inhibition of mitochondrial electron transport [38] | 61.1 ± 3.3 | 0.9 |