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Table 1 Total fatty acid production of synthesized and cloned acyl-ACP TEs

From: Phylogenetic and experimental characterization of an acyl-ACP thioesterase family reveals significant diversity in enzymatic specificity and activity

Kingdom

Subfamily

ACC No./Name

Organism

Rationale for synthesisa

Total FAb

(nmol/mL)

Planta

A

AAC49179c, d

Cuphea palustris

A (Bimodal specificity for C8 and C10 substrates) [1]

708 ± 45

  

AAB71731

Ulmus americana

A (Broad specificity; highest activity on C10 and C16) [13]

1098 ± 62

  

AAG43857

Iris germanica

B

261 ± 20

  

AAG43858

Iris germanica

B

14.8 ± 4.6

  

EER87824

Sorghum bicolor

B (Member of a Subfamily A Poeceae TE cluster)

126 ± 13

  

EER88593

Sorghum bicolor

B (Member of a Subfamily A Poeceae TE cluster)

90.7 ± 8.0

  

CnFatB1

Cocos nucifera

C

130 ± 12

  

CnFatB2

Cocos nucifera

C

572 ± 32

  

CnFatB3

Cocos nucifera

C

200 ± 11

  

CvFatB1

Cuphea viscosissima

C

79.2 ± 9.7

  

CvFatB2

Cuphea viscosissima

C

249 ± 9

  

CvFatB3

Cuphea viscosissima

C

18.9 ± 2.1

  

AAD42220

Elaeis guineensis

C

36.7 ± 3.8

 

B

EDQ65090

Physcomitrella patens

B (Member of novel plant subfamily)

380 ± 29

  

EER96252

Sorghum bicolor

B (Member of novel plant subfamily)

175 ± 11

  

EES11622

Sorghum bicolor

B (Member of novel plant subfamily)

9.43 ± 2.03

 

D

EEH52851

Micromonas pusilla

B

16.3 ± 1.6

Bacteria

E

ACL08376

Desulfovibrio vulgaris

D (Medium-chain linear, branched, and hydroxy fatty acids) [29]

330 ± 9

 

F

CAH09236

Bacteroides fragilis

D (Hydroxy fatty acids) [29]

215 ± 6

  

ABR43801

Parabacteroides distasonis

D (Branched and branched hydroxy fatty acids) [30]

70.3 ± 4.4

  

AAO77182e

Bacteroides thetaiotao-

D (Anteiso-branched and hydroxy fatty acids) [29]

60.4 ± 2.9

   

micron

  
 

G

ABG82470

Clostridium perfringens

D (Medium-chain fatty acids) [31]

72.0 ± 9.5

 

H

EEG55387

Clostridium asparagiforme

B

25.9 ± 4.2

  

EET61113

Bryantella formatexigens

B

381 ± 3

 

I

EDV77528

Geobacillus sp.

D (Iso-branched fatty acids) [32]

64.9 ± 12.0

 

J

BAH81730

Streptococcus dysgalactiae

D (Medium-chain and cyclic propane ring fatty acids) [29]

623 ± 14

  

ABJ63754

Lactobacillus brevis

D (Medium-chain and cyclic propane ring fatty acids) [33]

710 ± 10

  

CAD63310e

Lactobacillus plantarum

D (Medium-chain 3'-hydroxy fatty acids) [33, 34]

436 ± 10

 

Non-grouped

EEI82564

Anaerococcus tetradius

D (Organism produces butyric acid) [35]

1381 ± 146

  

CAE80300

Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus

D (Straight-chain odd-numbered fatty acids) [29]

333 ± 18

  

ABN54268

Clostridium thermocellum

D (Branched-chain fatty acids) [29]

97.7 ± 3.2

  1. a A: Functionally characterized TEs; B: TE does not group near characterized TEs and/or no organism lipid profile information is available; C: TEs cloned from organisms known to produce MCFAs; D: Organism's lipid profile used and predominant fatty acid constituents identified in the organism are listed in parentheses.
  2. b The data are represented as mean ± standard error (n = 4).
  3. c All but the three C. nucifera sequences were codon-optimized for expression in E. coli.
  4. d Transit peptides were removed from all plant sequences.
  5. e Acyl-ACP TEs with known crystal structures.
  6. TEs were expressed in E. coli K27, and free fatty acids (FAs) that accumulated in the medium were analyzed by GC-MS.
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BMC Biochemistry

ISSN: 1471-2091

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